Millikelvin Cooling

Millikelvin cooling keeps quantum processors thousandths of a degree above absolute zero - and its scaling strain on helium-3 is part of Kronos's isotope thesis.

The concept

Superconducting qubits have energy gaps around 0.1-0.2 K, so their environment must sit near 10-20 mK. Cabling, filtering, and shielding must carry control signals in without carrying heat in.

How Kronos uses it

More qubits mean more coax lines and more passive heat load at the coldest stage - straining both the cooling budget and the helium-3 supply. Kronos's point is that fusion can help relieve that isotope constraint.

Honest note

This is a supply-chain argument, framed qualitatively; no cost or revenue figures attach.