RF Heating Systems

Radio-frequency systems couple electromagnetic waves to the plasma, heating ions or electrons and driving current at chosen locations.

Heating with waves

Radio-frequency (RF) heating launches electromagnetic waves into the plasma that resonate with the natural motion of ions or electrons in the magnetic field, transferring energy where the wave meets its resonance. By choosing frequency, RF power can be aimed at the ions, the electrons, or a specific radius, giving control that complements the broad heating of a neutral beam.

Targeted control

Because RF deposition can be localized, it is valuable for shaping the temperature and current profiles, which in turn affect stability and the bootstrap current. RF can heat the ions directly toward fusion temperatures, heat electrons, or drive current at a chosen surface to tailor the profile. This precision is why Hyperion pairs RF with neutral beams rather than relying on either alone.

Coupling and access

RF power is delivered by launchers, antennas or waveguides, mounted at the plasma edge, and coupling the wave efficiently into the plasma depends on the edge conditions right at the launcher. Like beam ports, RF launchers occupy vessel wall area and penetrate the blanket, so their footprint trades against breeding coverage. Launcher design, wave coupling, and the split of power between RF and NBI are all set through the design-and-simulation program.

• Waves resonate with ion or electron motion in the field
• Deposition can be localized to shape profiles and drive current
• Launchers penetrate the blanket, competing with breeding

This page describes a design and simulation study, not a built machine. Construction begins Q2 2027; first-of-a-kind first tritium is targeted near 2030.