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Physics & Fusion Science

Plasma Power Balance

The accounting of heating in versus losses out that determines whether a plasma produces net power.

Physics & Fusion ScienceUpdated 2026-08-11
Breeder heating
25.9 MW
Breeder gain
3.076

A plasma's power balance sums the inputs — auxiliary heating plus any self-heating — against the losses — transport, radiation and exhaust. Steady operation means they balance at the design temperature. HYPERION balances 25.9 MW of heating against its losses to sustain Q = 3.076.

Getting this ledger right, and reporting it honestly at the plant level rather than only the plasma level, is central to the Kronos method.

Common questions

What is a plasma power balance?

It is the accounting of heating in versus losses out — conduction, radiation and particle loss — that determines whether a plasma sustains its temperature. Closing it is what defines a working operating point.

Does Kronos report net or gross power?

Net. The burner's headline figures are net electricity after the plant's own consumption, and it labels net power requirement-class because it depends on the plug reaching a density ratio near 16.

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Content reviewed August 2026 · design-and-simulation stage